1948年国际海事组织公约(附英文)
全文
本公约的缔约国特此成立国际海事组织(以下简称“本组织”)。
简介
本公约于1948年3月6日在日内瓦召开的联合国海事会议上通过,1958年3月17日生效。本公约原名《政府间海事协商组织公约》,因政府间海事协商组织(Inter-governmentalMaritime ConsultativeOrganization,缩写为IMCO)从1982年5月22日起更名为国际海事组织(International Maritime Organization,缩写为IMO),公约亦更名为《国际海事组织公约》。本公约经国际海事组织大会决议A.69(ES.Ⅱ)、A.70(Ⅳ)、A.315(ES.Ⅴ)、A.358(Ⅸ)、A.400(Ⅹ)和A.450(Ⅺ)通过的修正条款修订。各决议的通过日期及各修正条款的生效日期如下:
1964年9月15日的A.69(ES.Ⅱ) 1967年10月6日
1965年9月28日的A.70(Ⅳ) 1968年11月3日
1974年10月17日的A.315(ES.Ⅴ) 1978年4月1日
1975年11月14日的A.358(Ⅸ) 1982年5月22日
1977年11月17日的A.400(Ⅹ) 1984年11月10日
1979年11月15日的A.450(Ⅺ) 1984年11月10日
参加本公约的国家有:阿尔及利亚、安哥拉、阿根廷、澳大利亚、奥地利、巴哈马、巴林、孟加拉、巴巴多斯、
比利时、贝宁、巴西、保加利亚、缅甸、加拿大、智利、中国、哥伦比亚、刚果、哥斯达黎加、古巴、塞浦路斯、
前捷克斯洛伐克、柬埔寨、民主也门(已与也门合并——编者注)、丹麦、吉布堤、多米尼加、厄瓜多尔、埃及、
赤道几内亚、埃塞俄比亚、芬兰、法国、加蓬、冈比亚、德国、加纳、希腊、几内亚、几内亚比绍、圭亚那、海地、
洪都拉斯、匈牙利、冰岛、印度、印度尼西亚、伊朗、伊拉克、爱尔兰、以色列、意大利、象牙海岸、牙买加、日
本、约旦、肯尼亚、科威特、黎巴嫩、利比里亚、马达加斯加、马来西亚、马尔代夫、马耳他、毛里坦尼亚、毛里
求斯、墨西哥、摩洛哥、莫桑比克、尼泊尔、荷兰、新西兰、尼加拉瓜、尼日尔、挪威、阿曼、巴基斯坦、巴拿马、
巴布亚新几内亚、秘鲁、菲律宾、波兰、葡萄牙、卡塔尔、韩国、罗马尼亚、沙特阿拉伯、塞内加尔、新加坡、索
马里、西班牙、斯里兰卡、苏丹、瑞典、瑞士、叙利亚、泰国、突尼斯、土耳其、前苏联、阿联酋、英国、喀麦隆、
坦桑尼亚、美国、乌拉圭、委内瑞拉、也门、南斯拉夫、扎伊尔等。
第Ⅰ章 本组织的宗旨
第1条
本组织的宗旨:
(a)为政府间在有关会影响国际贸易航运的各种技术问题的政府规则和实践方面提供进行合作的机构;鼓励并促进在有关海上安全、航行效率、防止和控制船舶造成海洋污染的问题上普遍采用可行的最高标准;处理有关本条所列宗旨的行政和法律问题;
(b)鼓励取消各国政府采取的影响国际贸易运输的歧视行为和不必要的限制以促进实现向世界商业提供一视同仁的航运服务;一国政府为发展本国航运和为确保安全而给予的帮助和鼓励,只要不基于旨在限制悬挂各国船旗的船舶参加国际贸易的自由的措施,就其本身而言,不构成歧视行为;
(c)根据第Ⅱ章,为本组织审议有关航运康采恩采取不公正的限制做法的事宜作出规定;
(d)为本组织审议由联合国的任何机关或专门机构递交的有关航运和航运对海洋环境影响的任何事宜作出规定;
(e)为政府间交换与本组织审议的事宜有关的资料作出规定。
第Ⅱ章 职 责
第2条
为了实现第Ⅰ章所列的宗旨,本组织应:
(a)按照第3条的规定,审议由会员、联合国任何机关或专门机构或任何其他政府间组织递交的、属于第1条的第(a)、(b)、(c)各款所述范围内的事宜或根据第1条第(d)款规定提交给它的事宜,并就这些事宜提出建议;
(b)为起草公约、协议或其它适当的文件作出规定,将这些规定推荐给各国政府和各政府间组织,并召开必要的会议;
(c)为会员之间进行磋商和政府间交换资料提供机构;
(d)履行与本条第(a)、(b)、(c)款有关的职责,特别是有关海事和航运对海洋环境影响事宜的国际文件所赋予或规定的那些职责;
(e)必要时根据第Ⅹ章促进本组织工作范围内的技术合作。
第3条
对于在本组织看来是可以通过国际航运界的通常做法来解决的事宜,本组织应建议按这种通常做法来解决。对于有关航运康采恩采取的不公正的限制性做法的事宜,如本组织认为(或者事实已经证明)采用国际航运界的通常做法无法解决,而且这种事宜已成为有关会员间直接谈判的问题时,只要其中一会员提出要求,本组织应审议该事宜。
第Ⅲ章 会员资格
第4条
一切国家均可成为本组织的会员,但第Ⅲ章的各条规定要得到遵守。
第5条
联合国会员国按第71条规定成为本公约缔约国时,便可成为本组织的会员。
第6条
应邀派代表出席了于1948年2月19日在日内瓦召开的联合国海事会议的非联合国会员国的国家,在根据第71条成为本公约的缔约国时便可成为本组织的会员。
第7条
无法根据第5条和第6条成为本组织会员的任何国家可通过本组织的秘书长申请成为会员,在其申请经理事会推荐,并经除联系会员之外的会员的三分之二同意后,在根据第71条的规定成为本公约缔约国时,将被接受为会员。
第8条
任何一个托管地或任何一群托管地,如已由负责其国际关系的会员或已由联合国根据第72条规定使本公约对其适用的话,经该会员或经联合国(视情况而定)书面通知联合国秘书长,即可成为本组织的联系会员。
第9条
联系会员享有本公约规定的除投票权和成为理事会成员的资格以外的所有权利和义务。以此为前提,除非另有明文规定,否则,本公约中“会员”一词应被看作包括联系会员在内。
第10条
任何违背联合国大会决议的国家或托管地均不得成为或继续作为本组织的会员。
第Ⅳ章 机 构
第11条
本组织设有大会、理事会、海上安全委员会、法律委员会、海洋环境保护委员会、技术合作委员会以及它在任何时候认为必要的这样的附属机构,它还设有秘书长。
第Ⅴ章 大 会
第12条
大会由全体会员组成。
第13条
每两年举行一次大会的常会。在有三分之一的会员通知秘书长要求召开大会或当理事会认为有必要召开大会时,应在发出召开大会的通知60天后举行大会的特别会议。
第14条
大会开会的法定人数应为除联系会员以外的会员的多数。
第15条
大会的职责为:
(a)在每届常会上从除联系会员以外的会员中选出大会的主席和两位副主席;大会主席和副主席的任期到下一届常会为止;
(b)决定自己的议事规则,除非本公约另有规定;
(c)设立其认为必要的任何临时性附属机构或根据理事会的建议设立它认为必要的任何永久性附属机构;
(d)按第17条规定选举理事会的成员;
(e)接收并审议理事会的报告,就理事会提交给它的任何问题作出决定;
(f)审批本组织的工作计划;
(g)遵照第Ⅻ章就本组织的预算进行投票并决定本组织的财务安排;
(h)审查经费开支的情况,并审批本组织的帐目;
(i)履行本组织的职责,但是,对于有关第2条第(a)和(b)款的事宜,大会应送交理事会,由理事会起草有关的建议案或文件;而且,由理事会提交大会,但未被大会接受的任何建议案或文件均应退给理事会,由理事会对这样的建议案或文件以及大会可能提出的意见作进一步的审议;
(j)建议会员通过已经提交给大会的有关海上安全、防止和控制船舶造成海洋污染以及由国际文件或按国际文件的规定交由本组织处理的有关航运对海洋环境造成影响的其他事宜的规则和指南,或这些规则和指南的修正案;
(k)按照第2条第(e)款,考虑到发展中国家的特别需要,采取其认为合适的任何行动来促进技术合作;
(l)就召开国际会议或按照其他适当的程序来通过已由海上安全委员会、法律委员会、海洋环境保护委员会、技术合作委员会或本组织的其它机构拟定的国际公约或国际公约的修正案作出决定;
(m)除了本条第(j)款所规定的提出建议的职责不可下放外,将本组织范围内的一切其它事宜交由理事会审议或决定。
第Ⅵ章 理事会
第16条
理事会应由大会选出的32名会员组成。
第17条
选举理事会成员时,大会要注意下列条件:
(a)8个成员应为在提供国际航运服务方***有最大利害关系的国家;
(b)8个成员应为在国际海上贸易方***有最大利害关系的其他国家;
(c)16个成员应为不是根据上述第(a)或(b)款当选的、在海上运输和航行方***有特别利害关系、而且它们被选入理事会将会确保世界所有主要地理地区均被代表了的国家。
第18条
根据第16条被选入理事会的会员应任职到大会下一次常会结束为止。会员可以连选连任理事。
第19条
(a)除非本公约内另有规定,否则理事会应选举其主席,并采用自己的议事规则。
(b)理事会开会的法定数目为二十一个理事国。
(c)理事会应在经理事会主席召集或经不少于4个理事国要求、于发出开会通知后的一个月后开会,其次数视有效地履行自己任务的需要而定。理事会应在方便的地点举行会议。
第20条
在审议与任何一个会员有特别关系的任何事项时,理事会均应邀请该会员参加,但该会员没有表决权。
第21条
(a)理事会应审议秘书长根据海上安全委员会、法律委员会、海洋环境保护委员会、技术合作委员会和本组织的其它机构的建议而准备的工作计划草案和预算的概算;据此并考虑本组织的整体利益和优先次序来确定本组织的工作计划和预算,并将它们提交大会。
(b)理事会应接收海上安全委员会、法律委员会、海洋环境保护委员会、技术合作委员会和本组织其它机构的报告、提案和建议案,并将它们转交大会;在大会休会期间,将这些报告、提案和建议案连同理事会的意见和建议一并分发给各会员,供其参考。
(c)第28、33、38和43条范围内的事宜,只有在理事会征得海上安全委员会、法律委员会、海洋环境保护委员会或技术合作委员会(视情况而定)的意见之后才能由理事会审议。
第22条
理事会应在经大会批准后任命秘书长。理事会还应根据需要对这样的其他人员的任命作出规定,并确定秘书长和其他人员的任职期限和条件,这些期限和条件应尽可能与联合国及其专门机构的相一致。
第23条
在每次举行常会上,理事会应就本组织自上届常会以来所做的工作向大会提出报告。
第24条
理事会应将本组织的财务报表和理事会的意见及建议,一并送交大会。
第25条
(a)根据第XV章的规定,理事会可以签订关于本组织与其它组织的关系的协议或安排,这种协议和安排须提交大会批准。
(b)考虑到第XV章的规定,并考虑到第28、33、38和43条规定的各委员会与其它组织保持的关系,在两届大会之间的时期内,理事会应负责与其它组织的关系。
第26条
在两届大会之间的时期内,理事会应履行不包括第15条第(j)款规定的提出建议在内的本组织的其它所有职责。尤其是,理事会应协调本组织各机构的活动,并为确保有效地履行本组织的职责而对工作计划作确实必要的调整。
第Ⅶ章 海上安全委员会
第27条
海上安全委员会由所有会员组成。
第28条
(a)海上安全委员会应审议本组织范围内的有关助航设备、船舶建造和装备、船舶安全配员、避碰规则、危险货物装卸、海上安全措施和要求、航道信息、航行日志和航行记录、海上事故调查、打捞和救助以及直接影响海上安全的任何其它事宜。
(b)海上安全委员会应设立机构来执行本公约、大会或理事会交给它的任何任务或在本条范围内的由任何其它国际文件或根据这样的文件赋予它并为本组织所接受的任何任务。
(c)考虑到第25条的规定,海上安全委员会应大会或理事会的要求,或者如果它认为这种行动有助于其本身的工作,应与其它组织保持有助于实现本组织宗旨的密切联系。
第29条
海上安全委员会应向理事会提交:
(a)委员会拟定的有关海上安全规则或有关海上安全规则修正案的提案;
(b)委员会拟定的建议案和指南;
(c)有关自上届理事会会议以来委员会工作情况的报告。
第30条
海上安全委员会每年应至少召开一次会议。它应每年选举一次自己的官员,并应采用自己的议事规则。
第31条
在履行由任何国际公约或其它文件或根据这样的公约或文件赋予它的职责时,海上安全委员会应遵守该公约或文件的有关规定,特别是关于必须遵循的程序的规则,即使在本公约中有相反的规定,但不得违反第27条的规定。
第Ⅷ章 法律委员会
第32条
法律委员会由所有会员组成。
第33条
(a)法律委员会应审议本组织范围内的任何法律事宜。
(b)法律委员会应采取一切必要措施来执行由本公约、大会或理事会赋予它的任何任务或在本条范围内的由任何其它国际文件或根据这样的文件赋予它并为本组织所接受的任何任务。
(c)考虑到第25条的规定,法律委员会应大会或理事会的要求,或者如果它认为这种行动有助于其本身的工作,应与其它组织保持有助于实现本组织宗旨的密切联系。
第34条
法律委员会应向理事会提交:
(a)委员会拟定的国际公约的草案和国际公约修正条款的草案;
(b)有关自上届理事会会议以来委员会工作情况的报告。
第35条
法律委员会每年应至少召开一次会议。它应每年选举一次自己的官员,并应采用自己的议事规则。
第36条
在履行由任何国际公约或其它文件或根据这样的公约或文件赋予它的职责时,法律委员会应遵守该公约或文件的有关规定,特别是关于必须遵循的程序的规则,即使在本公约中有相反的规定,但不得违反第32条的规定。
第Ⅸ章 海洋环境保护委员会
第37条
海洋环境保护委员会应由所有会员组成。
第38条
海洋环境保护委员会应审议本组织范围内的有关防止和控制船舶造成海洋污染的任何事宜,并且特别应当:
(a)履行由防止和控制船舶造成海洋污染的公约或根据这样的公约赋予或可能赋予本组织的职责,特别是这样的公约所规定的有关通过和修正规则或其它规定的职责;
(b)审议旨在促进上述第(a)款所述公约的实施的适当措施;
(c)为获取关于防止和控制船舶造成海洋污染的科学的、技术的及任何其它实用性信息以及将其分发给各国(特别是发展中国家)作出规定,而且,如果适当的话,提出建议并拟定指南;
(d)考虑到第25条的规定,促进与防止和控制船舶造成海洋污染一事有关的区域性组织的合作;
(e)考虑到第25条的规定,审议在本组织范围内的有助于防止和控制船舶造成海洋污染的任何其它事宜(包括在环境问题上与其它国际组织的合作在内),并就此采取适当的行动。
第39条
海洋环境保护委员会应向理事会提交:
(a)委员会拟定的有关防止和控制船舶造成海洋污染规则的提案和有关这些规则的修正案的提案;
(b)委员会拟定的建议案和指南;
(c)关于自理事会上届会议以来委员会的工作情况的报告。
第40条
海洋环境保护委员会每年应至少召开一次会议。它应每年选举一次自己的官员,并应采用自己的议事规则。
第41条
在履行由任何国际公约或其它文件或根据这样的公约或文件赋予它的职责时,海上安全委员会应遵守该公约或文件的有关规定,特别是关于必须遵循的程序的规则,即使在本公约中有相反的规定,但不得违反第37条的规定。
第Ⅹ章 技术合作委员会
第42条
技术合作委员会由所有会员组成。
第43条
(a)如果适当的话,技术合作委员会应审议在本组织范围内关于执行由联合国有关计划出资而本组织作为执行或协作机构的、或由自愿提供给本组织的信托基金出资的技术合作项目的任何事宜,以及与本组织在技术合作领域中的活动有关的任何其它事宜。
(b)技术合作委员会应经常审查秘书处的技术合作方面的工作。
(c)技术合作委员会应履行本公约、大会或理事会赋予的职责或在本条范围内由任何其它国际文件或根据这样的文件赋予它并为本组织所接受的任何任务。
(d)考虑到第25条的规定,技术合作委员会应大会和理事会的要求或者如果它认为这种行动有助于其本身的工作,应与其它组织保持有助于实现本组织宗旨的密切联系。
第44条
技术合作委员会应向理事会提交:
(a)委员会拟定的建议案;
(b)有关自上届理事会会议以来委员会工作情况的报告。
第45条
技术合作委员会每年应至少召开一次会议。它应每年选举一次自己的官员,并应采用自己的议事规则。
第46条
在履行由任何国际公约或其它文件或根据这样的公约或文件赋予它的职责时,技术合作委员会应遵守该公约或文件的有关规定,特别是关于必须遵循的程序的规则,即使在本公约中有相反的规定,但不得违反第42条的规定。
第Ⅺ章 秘书处
第47条
秘书处由秘书长和本组织要求的其他人员组成。秘书长为本组织的首席行政官员,他应按第22条的规定任命上述人员。
第48条
秘书处应保管有效履行本组织职责所必需的记录,并准备、收集和分发本组织工作所需的证件、文件、议程、记录和资料。
第49条
秘书长应编写并向理事会提交每年的财务报表和两年期预算的概算,后者要分别列出每一年的概算。
第50条
秘书长应将本组织的活动随时通知会员。每一会员可指派一名或多名代表与秘书长保持联系。
第51条
秘书长和秘书处的工作人员在执行任务时不得征求或接受任何政府或本组织以外的任何当局的指示。他们不得有任何有损于其国际官员身分的行动。每一会员则应保证对秘书长和秘书处工作人员职责的完全的国际性予以尊重,不在他们履行其职责时企图影响他们。
第52条
秘书长应履行本公约、大会或理事会赋予的任何其它职责。
第Ⅻ章 财 务
第53条
每一会员均应负担其派去参加本组织会议的代表团的薪金、旅费和其它费用。
第54条
理事会审议秘书长编写的财务报表和预算的概算,并将它们连同自己的意见和建议一并提交大会。
第55条
(a)大会应审查和审批预算的概算,但不得违反本组织和联合国之间的任何协议。
(b)大会在审议了理事会关于费用分摊的提案后,应根据由大会确定的百分比将费用分摊给各会员。
第56条
除非大会自行放弃本规定,否则任何从应交会费之日算起的一年内没有履行对本组织的财务义务的会员在大会、理事会、海上安全委员会、法律委员会、海洋环境保护委员会或技术合作委员会中均无表决权。
第XIII章 表 决
第57条
除非在本公约或在其它任何赋予大会、理事会、海上安全委员会、法律委员会、海洋环境保护委员会或技术合作委员会职责的国际协议中另有规定,否则在这些机构进行表决时应遵守下列规定:
(a)每一会员应有一票。
(b)决定须由到会并投票的会员的多数票作出;需要由三分之二多数票才可作出的决定,应由到会会员的三分之二的多数票作出。
(c)在本公约中,“到会并投票的会员”系指到会并投赞成票或反对票的会员。放弃投票权的会员应被视为没有投票。
第XIV章 本组织的总部
第58条
(a)本组织的总部设在伦敦。
(b)必要时,大会经三分之二的多数票同意可改变总部地点。
(c)如果理事会认为必要,大会可在总部以外的任何地点开会。
第XV章 与联合国及其它组织的关系
第59条
本组织应以联合国宪章第57条*为据,作为联合国在航运和航运对海洋环境的影响方面的专门机构与联合国确立关系。这种关系应通过联合国宪章第63条规定**的与联合国达成的一项协议来实现,该协议应按第25条的规定缔结。
* 联合国宪章第57条如下:
第57条
1.由各国政府间协定所成立之各种专门机构,依其组织规章之规定,于经济、社会、文化、教育、卫生及其他有关部门负有广大国际责任者,应依第63条之规定使与联合国***。
2.上述与联合国***之专门机构,以下简称专门机构。
** 联合国宪章第63条规定如下:
第63条
1.经济及社会理事会得与第57条所指之任何专门机构订立协定,订明有关专门机构与联合国***之条件。该项协定须经大会之核准。
2.本理事会,为调整各种专门机构之工作,得与此种机构会商并得向其提出建议,并得向大会及联合国会员国建议。
第60条
本组织应与联合国的任何专门机构,在本组织和该专门机构共同关心的问题上,进行合作,并应与这样的专门机构共同审议这些问题,而且就这些问题采取一致的行动。
第61条
本组织在处理其工作范围内的事宜时可与虽然不是联合国的专门机构,但其利益和活动是与本组织的宗旨相关的其它政府间组织进行合作。
第62条
本组织在处理其工作范围内的事宜时可作出适当的安排,来与非政府性国际组织进行磋商和合作。
第63条
如经大会三分之二多数票的认可,本组织可通过国际协定,或通过各组织的主管部门彼此可接受的安排,从任何其它国际组织(无论是政府间组织还是非政府组织)接受能够转给本组织的、属于本组织工作范围的职责、资源和义务。同样,本组织也可接受属于其工作范围并曾根据某一国际文件的条款委托给一国政府的任何管理职责。
第XVI章 法律地位、特权和豁免权
第64条
赋予或涉及本组织的那些法律地位、特权和豁免权,均须来源于和服从于联合国大会于1947年11月21日认可的《专门机构的特权和豁免权总公约》,并可作本组织根据上述总公约第36和38节认可的附件的最后(或经修改的)文本可能要求作的改变。
第65条
各会员同意,在其参加涉及本组织的上述总公约之前,执行本公约附录Ⅱ的规定。
第XVII章 修正案
第66条
本公约修正案的文本应由秘书长在大会审议之前至少六个月前分发各会员。修正案须经大会的三分之二多数票通过。每一修正案应在本组织除联系会员之外的三分之二的会员接受之后12个月后对所有会员生效。如果在此12个月期间的最初60天内,某一会员因某一修正案而提出退出本组织,则尽管有本公约第73条的规定,该退出仍将于该修正案生效之日生效。
第67条
根据第66条通过的任何修正条款均应交由联合国秘书长存放。联合国秘书长应将该修正条款的副本立即分送所有会员。
第68条
第66条规定的声明和接受应通过将一份文件送交秘书长,使其存放于联合国秘书长处来进行。秘书长应将收到任何这种文件的情况和该修正条款的生效日期通知各会员。
第XVIII章 解 释
第69条
有关本公约的解释和适用范围的任何问题或争端均应提交大会解决或以争端各方同意的其它方法解决。本条中没有任何规定会阻止本组织的任何机构解决在履行其职责时可能产生的问题或争端。
第70条
任何不能按第69条规定的方式解决的法律问题,均应由本组织按联合国宪章第96条规定*,提交国际法院征询意见。
* 联合国宪章第96条如下:
第96条
1.大会或安全理事会对于任何法律问题得请国际法院发表咨询意见。
2.联合国其它机关及各种专门机构,对于其工作范围内之任何法律问题,得随时以大会之授权,请求国际法院发表咨询意见。
第XIX章 其他规定
第71条 签字和接受
本公约应始终开放供签字和接受,但要遵守第Ⅲ章的规定;任何国家均可通过下列方式成为本公约的缔约国:
(a)签字并对接受无保留;
(b)签字而有待接受,随后再予接受;或
(c)接受。
接受本公约须通过向联合国秘书长交存一份文件的方式来作出。
第72条 托管地
(a)会员可在任何时候声明:它们对本公约的参加包括了由其负责国际关系的全部托管地或一组托管地或某一托管地。
(b)除非已按本条第(a)款的规定由会员代表其托管地作出了这种声明,否则本公约不适用于由该会员负责其国际关系的托管地。
(c)根据本条第(a)款规定作出的声明,应送交联合国秘书长,并由其将声明的副本转发给应邀出席联合国海事会议的所有国家及已成为会员的其它国家。
(d)如果根据某一托管协议联合国是管理当局的话,联合国可根据第71条所列的程序代表一个、几个或全部联合国托管地接受本公约。
第73条 退出
(a)任何会员均可通过以书面方式通知联合国秘书长来退出本组织。联合国秘书长应立即将这一书面通知的内容通知其它会员和本组织的秘书长。关于退出的通知可在本公约生效12个月后的任何时间内退出。退出应在联合国秘书长收到书面通知后12个月届满时生效。
(b)本公约按第72条规定而对一个或一组托管地之适用,可在任何时候由负责其国际关系的会员(或者,对于联合国是其管理当局的联合国托管地来说,由联合国)书面通知联合国秘书长而告终。联合国秘书长应立即将这一书面通知的内容通知全体会员和本组织的秘书长。通知应在联合国秘书长收到该通知后12个月届满时生效。
第XX章 生 效
第74条
本公约应于包括7个各有不少于1 000 000总吨船舶的国家在内的21个国家按第71条规定成为本组织缔约国之日生效。
第75条
联合国秘书长应把每一国家成为本公约缔约国的日期和本公约生效的日期通知应邀出席联合国海事会议的所有国家和已成为会员的其它国家。
第76条
本公约(其英文、法文和西班牙文的文本具有同等效力)应交由联合国秘书长存放,而联合国秘书长应将其核证无误的副本分送应邀出席联合国海事会议的所有国家和已成为会员的其它国家。
第77条
授权联合国在本公约生效时立即将该公约登记在案。
下列署名者,经各自政府正式授权,特签署本公约,以昭信守。
1948年3月6日订于日内瓦。
附件Ⅰ*
* 本附件由于第17条由大会决议A.69(ES.Ⅱ)于1964年9月15日作了修正,而且该修正已于1967年10月6日生效而变得不再适用。
附件Ⅱ(见第65条)法律地位、特权和豁免权
本组织的会员或联系会员在参加涉及本组织的《专门机构的特权和豁免权总公约》之前,应执行有关法律地位、特权和豁免权的下列规定:
第1条 本组织在其每一会员的领土内享有实现其宗旨和履行其职责所必需的法律地位。
第2条 (a)本组织在其每一会员的领土内享有实现其宗旨和履行其职责的特权和豁免权。
(b)包括副代表和顾问在内的会员的代表及本组织的官员和雇员同样享有独立履行其与本组织有关的职责所必需的特权和豁免权。
第3条 在执行本附件第1条和第2条时,会员应尽可能考虑到《专门机构特权和豁免权总公约》的标准条款。
CONVENTION ON THE INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION, 1948
Whole document
The States parties to the present Convention hereby establish the
International Maritime Organization (hereinafter referred to as "the
Organization").
PART I Purposes of the Organization
Article 1
The purposes of the Organization are:
(a) To provide machinery for co-operation among Governments in the
field of governmental regulation and practices relating to technical
matters of all kinds affecting shipping engaged in international trade; to
encourage and facilitate the general adoption of the highest practicable
standards in matters concerning the maritime safety, efficiency of
navigation and prevention and control of marine pollution from ships; and
to deal with administrative and legal matters related to the purposes set
out in this Article;
(b) To encourage the removal of discriminatory action and unnecessary
restrictions by Governments affecting shipping engaged in international
trade so as to promote the availability of shipping services to the
commerce of the world without discrimination; assistance and encouragement
given by a Government for the development of its national shipping and for
purposes of security does not in itself constitute discrimination,
provided that such assistance and encouragement is not based on measures
designed to restrict the *** of shipping of all flags to take part in
international trade;
(c) To provide for the consideration by the Organization of matters
concerning unfair restrictive practices by shipping concerns in accordance
with Part II;
(d) To provide for the consideration by the Organization of any
matters concerning shipping and the effect of shipping on the marine
environment that may be referred to it by any organ or specialized agency
of the United Nations;
(e) To provide for the exchange of information among Governments on
matters under consideration by the Organization.
PART II Functions
Article 2
In order to achieve the purposes set out in Part I, the Organization
shall:
(a) Subject to the provisions of Article 3, consider and make
recommendations upon matters arising under Article 1 (a), (b) and (c) that
may be remitted to it by Members, by any organ or specialized agency of
the United Nations or by any other intergovernmental organization or upon
matters referred to it under Article 1 (d);
(b) Provide for the drafting of conventions, agreements, or other
suitable instruments, and recommend these to Governments and to
intergovernmental organizations, and convene such conferences as may be
necessary;
(c) Provide machinery for consultation among Members and the exchange
of information among Governments;
(d) Perform functions arising in connexion with paragraphs (a), (b)
and (c) of this Article, in particular those assigned to it by or under
international instruments relating to maritime matters and the effect of
shipping on the marine environment;
(e) Facilitate as necessary, and in accordance with Part X, technical
co-operation within the scope of the Organization.
Article 3
In those matters which appear to the Organization capable of
settlement through the normal processes of international shipping business
the Organization shall so recommend. When, in the opinion of the
Organization, any matter concerning unfair restrictive practices by
shipping concerns is incapable of settlement through the normal processes
of international shipping business, or has in fact so proved, and provided
it shall first have been the subject of direct negotiations between the
Members concerned, the Organization shall, at the request of one of those
Members, consider the matter.
PART III Membership
Article 4
Membership in the Organization shall be open to all States, subject to
the provisions of Part III.
Article 5
Members of the United Nations may become Members of the Organization
by becoming parties to the Convention in accordance with the provisions of
Article 71.
Article 6
States not Members of the United Nations which have been invited to
send representatives to the United Nations Maritime Conference convened in
Geneva on 19 February 1948, may become Members by becoming parties to the
Convention in accordance with the provisions of Article 71.
Article 7
Any State not entitled to become a Member under Article 5 or 6 may
apply through the Secretary-General of the Organization to become a Member
and shall be admitted as a Member upon its becoming a party to the
Convention in accordance with the provisions of Article 71 provided that,
upon the recommendation of the Council, its application has been approved
by two-thirds of the Members other than Associate Members.
Article 8
Any Territory or group of Territories to which the Convention has been
made applicable under Article 72, by the Member having responsibility for
its international relations or by the United Nations, may become an
Associate Member of the Organization by notification in writing given by
such Member or by the United Nations, as the case may be, to the Secretary
General of the United Nations.
Article 9
An Associate Member shall have the rights and obligations of a Member
under the Convention except that it shall not have the right to vote or be
eligible for membership on the Council and subject to this the word
"Member" in the Convention shall be deemed to include Associate Member
unless the context otherwise requires.
Article 10
No State or Territory may become or remain a Member of the
Organization contrary to a resolution of the General Assembly of the
United Nations.
PART IV Organs
Article 11
The Organization shall consist of an Assembly, a Council, a Maritime
Safety Committee, a Legal Committee, a Marine Environment Protection
Committee, a Technical Co-operation Committee and such subsidiary organs
as the Organization may at any time consider necessary; and a
Secretariat.
PART V The Assembly
Article 12
The Assembly shall consist of all the Members.
Article 13
Regular sessions of the Assembly shall take place once every two
years. Extraordinary sessions shall be convened after a notice of sixty
days whenever one-third of the Members give notice to the
Secretary-General that they desire a session to be arranged, or at any
time if deemed necessary by the Council, after a notice of sixty days.
Article 14
A majority of the Members other than Associate Members shall
constitute a quorum for the meetings of the Assembly.
Article 15
The functions of the Assembly shall be:
(a) To elect at each regular session from among its Members, other
than Associate Members, its President and two Vice-Presidents who shall
hold office until the next regular session;
(b) To determine its own Rules of Procedure except as otherwise
provided in the Convention;
(c) To establish any temporary or, upon recommendation of the Council,
permanent subsidiary bodies it may consider to be necessary;
(d) To elect the Members to be represented on the Council as provided
in Article 17;
(e) To receive and consider the reports of the Council, and to decide
upon any question referred to it by the Council;
(f) To approve the work programme of the Organization;
(g) To vote the budget and determine the financial arrangements of the
Organization, in accordance with Part XII;
(h) To review the expenditures and approve the accounts of the
Organization;
(i) To perform the functions of the Organization, provided that in
matters relating to Article 2 (a) and (b), the Assembly shall refer such
matters to the Council for formulation by it of any recommendations or
instruments thereon; provided further that any recommendations or
instruments submitted to the Assembly by the Council and not accepted by
the Assembly shall be referred back to the Council for further
consideration with such observations as the Assembly may make;
(j) To recommend to Members for adoption regulations and guidelines
concerning maritime safety, the prevention and control of marine pollution
from ships and other matters concerning the effect of shipping on the
marine environment assigned to the Organization by or under international
instruments, or amendments to such regulations and guidelines which have
been referred to it;
(k) To take such action as it may deem appropriate to promote
technical co-operation in accordance with Article 2 (e), taking into
account the special needs of developing countries;
1948年国际海事组织公约(附英文)
(l) To take decisions in regard to convening any international
conference or following any other appropriate procedure for the adoption
of international conventions or of amendments to any international
conventions which have been developed by the Maritime Safety Committee,
the Legal Committee, the Marine Environment Protection Committee, the
Technical Co-operation Committee, or other organs of the Organization.
(m) To refer to the Council for consideration or decision any matters
within the scope of the Organization, except that the function of making
recommendations under paragraph (j) of this Article shall not be
delegated.
PART VI The Council
Article 16
The Council shall be composed of thirty-two Members elected by the
Assembly.
Article 17
In electing the Members of the Council, the Assembly shall observe the
following criteria:
(a) Eight shall be States with the largest interest in providing
international shipping services;
(b) Eight shall be other States with the largest interest in
international seaborne trade;
(c) Sixteen shall be States not elected under (a) or (b) above which
have special interests in maritime transport or navigation, and whose
election to the Council will ensure the representation of all major
geographic areas of the world.
Article 18
Members represented on the Council in accordance with Article 16 shall
hold office until the end of the next regular session of the Assembly.
Members shall be eligible for re-election.
Article 19
(a) The Council shall elect its Chairman and adopt its own Rules of
Procedure except as otherwise provided in the Convention.
(b) Twenty-one Members of the Council shall constitute a quorum.
(c) The Council shall meet upon one month's notice as often as may be
necessary for the efficient discharge of its duties upon the summons of
its Chairman or upon request by not less than four of its Members. It
shall meet at such places as may be convenient.
Article 20
The Council shall invite any Member to participate, without vote, in
its deliberations on any matter of particular concern to that Member.
Article 21
(a) The Council shall consider the draft work programme and budget
estimates prepared by the Secretary-General in the light of the proposals
of the Maritime Safety Committee, the Legal Committee, the Marine
Environment Protection Committee, the Technical Co-operation Committee and
other organs of the Organization and, taking these into account, shall
establish and submit to the Assembly the work programme and budget of the
Organization, having regard to the general interest and priorities of the
Organization.
(b) The Council shall receive the reports, proposals and
recommendations of the Maritime Safety Committee, the Legal Committee, the
Marine Environment Protection Committee, the Technical Co-operation
Committee and other organs of the Organization and shall transmit them to
the Assembly and, when the Assembly is not in session, to the Members for
information, together with the comments and recommendations of the
Council.
(c) Matters within the scope of Articles 28, 33, 38 and 43 shall be
considered by the Council only after obtaining the views of the Maritime
Safety Committee, the Legal Committee, the Marine Environment Protection
Committee, or the Technical Co-operation Committee, as may be
appropriate.
Article 22
The Council, with the approval of the Assembly, shall appoint the
Secretary-General. The Council shall also make provision for the
appointment of such other personnel as may be necessary, and determine the
terms and conditions of service of the Secretary-General and other
personnel, which terms and conditions shall conform as far as possible
with those of the United Nations and its specialized agencies.
Article 23
The Council shall make a report to the Assembly at each regular
session on the work performed by the Organization since the previous
regular session of the Assembly.
Article 24
The Council shall submit to the Assembly financial statements of the
Organization, together with the Council's comments and recommendations.
Article 25
(a) The Council may enter into agreements or arrangements covering the
relationship of the Organization with other organizations, as provided for
in Part XV. Such agreements or arrangements shall be subject to approval
by the Assembly.
(b) Having regard to the provisions of Part XV and to the relations
maintained with other bodies by the respective Committees under Articles
28, 33, 38 and 43, the Council shall, between sessions of the Assembly, be
responsible for relations with other organizations.
Article 26
Between sessions of the Assembly, the Council shall perform all the
functions of the Organization, except the function of making
recommendations under Article 15 (j). In particular, the Council shall
co-ordinate the activities of the organs of the Organization and may make
such adjustments in the work programme as are strictly necessary to ensure
the efficient functioning of the Organization.
PART VII Maritime Safety Committee
Article 27
The Maritime Safety Committee shall consist of all the Members.
Article 28
(a) The Maritime Safety Committee shall consider any matter within the
scope of the Organization concerned with aids to navigation, construction
and equipment of vessels, manning from a safety standpoint, rules for the
prevention of collisions, handling of dangerous cargoes, maritime safety
procedures and requirements, hydrograpic information, log-books and
navigational records, marine casualty investigation, salvage and rescue,
and any other matters directly affecting maritime safety.
(b) The Maritime Safety Committee shall provide machinery for
performing any duties assigned to it by this Convention, the Assembly or
the Council, or any duty within the scope of this Article which may be
assigned to it by or under any other international instrument and accepted
by the Organization.
(c) Having regard to the provisions of Article 25, the Maritimes
Safety Committee, upon request by the Assembly or the Council or, if it
deems such action useful in the interests of its own work, shall maintain
such close relationship with other bodies as may further the purposes of
the Organization.
Article 29
The Maritime Safety Committee shall submit to the Council:
(a) Proposals for safety regulations or for amendments to safety
regulations which the Committee has developed;
(b) Recommendations and guidelines which the Committee has developed;
(c) A report on the work of the Committee since the previous session
of the Council.
Article 30
The Maritime Safety Committee shall meet at least once a year. It
shall elect its officers once a year and shall adopt its own Rules of
Procedure.
Article 31
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Convention, but
subject to the provisions of Article 27, the Maritime Safety Committee
when exercising the functions conferred upon it by or under any
international convention or other instrument, shall conform to the
relevant provisions of the convention or instrument in question,
particularly as regards the rules governing the procedures to be followed.
PART VIII Legal Committee
Article 32
The Legal Committee shall consist of all the Members.
Article 33
(a) The Legal Committee shall consider any legal matters within the
scope of the Organization.
(b) The Legal Committee shall take all necessary steps to perform any
duties assigned to it by this Convention or by the Assembly or the
Council, or any duty within the scope of this Article which may be
assigned to it by or under any other international instrument and accepted
by the Organization.
(c) Having regard to the provisions of Article 25, the Legal
Committee, upon request by the Assembly or the Council or, if it deems
such action useful in the interests of its own work, shall maintain such
close relationship with other bodies as may further the purposes of the
Organization.
Article 34
The Legal Committee shall submit to the Council:
(a) Drafts of international conventions and of amendments to
international conventions which the Committee has developed;
(b) A report on the work of the Committee since the previous session
of the Council.
Article 35
The Legal Committee shall meet at least once a year. It shall elect
its officers once a year and shall adopt its own Rules of Procedure.
Article 36
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Convention, but
subject to the provisions of Article 32, the Legal Committee, when
exercising the functions conferred upon it by or under any international
convention or other instrument, shall conform to the relevant provisions
of the convention or instrument in question, particularly as regards the
rules governing the procedures to be followed.
PART IX Marine Environment Protection Committee
Article 37
The Marine Environment Protection Committee shall consist of all the
Members.
Article 38
The Marine Environment Protection Committee shall consider any matter
within the scope of the Organization concerned with the prevention and
control of marine pollution from ships and in particular shall:
(a) Perform such functions as are or may be conferred upon the
Organization by or under international conventions for the prevention and
control of marine pollution from ships, particularly with respect to the
adoption and amendment of regulations or other provisions, as provided for
in such conventions;
(b) Consider appropriate measures to facilitate the enforcement of the
conventions referred to in paragraph (a) above;
(c) Provide for the acquisition of scientific, technical and any other
practical information on the prevention and control of marine pollution
from ships for dissemination to States, in particular to developing
countries and, where appropriate, make recommendations and develop
guidelines;
(d) Promote co-operation with regional organizations concerned with
the prevention and control of marine pollution from ships, having regard
to the provisions of Article 25;
(e) Consider and take appropriate action with respect to any other
matters falling within the scope of the Organization which would
contribute to the prevention and control of marine pollution from ships
including co-operation on environmental matters with other international
organizations, having regard to the provisions of Article 25.
Article 39
The Marine Environment Protection Committee shall submit to the
Council:
(a) Proposals for regulations for the prevention and control of marine
pollution from ships and for amendments to such regulations which the
Committee has developed;
(b) Recommendations and guidelines which the Committee has developed;
(c) A report on the work of the Committee since the previous session
of the Council.
Article 40
The Marine Environment Protection Committee shall meet at least once a
year. It shall elect its officers once a year and shall adopt its own
Rules of Procedure.
Article 41
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Convention, but
subject to the provisions of Article 37, the Marine Environment Protection
Committee, when exercising the functions conferred upon it by or under any
international convention or other instrument, shall conform to the
relevant provisions of the convention or instrument in question,
particularly as regards the rules governing the procedures to be followed.
PART X Technical Co-operation Committee
Article 42
The Technical Co-operation Committee shall consist of all the Members.
Article 43
(a) The Technical Co-operation Committee shall consider, as
appropriate, any matter within the scope of the Organization concerned
with the implementation of technical co-operation projects funded by the
relevant United Nations programme for which the Organization acts as the
executing or co-operating agency or by funds-in-trust voluntarily provided
to the Organization, and any other matters related to the Organization's
activities in the technical co-operation field.
(b) The Technical Co-operation Committee shall keep under review the
work of the Secretariat concerning technical co-operation.
(c) The Technical Co-operation Committee shall perform those functions
assigned to it by this Convention or by the Assembly or the Council, or
any duty within the scope of this Article which may be assigned to it by
or under any other international instrument and accepted by the
Organization.
(d) Having regard to the provisions of Article 25, the Technical
Co-operation Committee, upon request by the Assembly and Council or, if
it deems such action useful in the interests of its own work, shall
maintain such close relationships with other bodies as may further the
purposes of the Organization.
Article 44
The Technical Co-operation Committee shall submit to the Council:
(a) Recommendations which the Committee has developed;
(b) A report on the work of the Committee since the previous session
of the Council.
Article 45
The Technical Co-operation Committee shall meet at least once a year.
It shall elect its officers once a year and shall adopt its own Rules of
Procedure.
Article 46
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Convention, but
subject to the provisions of Article 42, the Technical Co-operation
Committee, when exercising the functions conferred upon it by or under any
international convention or other instrument, shall conform to the
relevant provisions of the convention or instrument in question,
particularly as regards the rules governing the procedures to be followed.
PART XI The Secretariat
Article 47
The Secretariat shall comprise the Secretary-General and such other
personnel as the Organization may require. The Secretary-General shall be
the chief administrative officer of the Organization and shall, subject to
the provisions of Article 22, appoint the above-mentioned personnel.
Article 48
The Secretariat shall maintain all such records as may be necessary
for the efficient discharge of the functions of the Organization and shall
prepare, collect and circulate the papers, documents, agenda, minutes and
information that may be required for the work of the Organization.
Article 49
The Secretary-General shall prepare and submit to the Council the
financial statements for each year and the budget estimates on a biennial
basis, with the estimates for each year shown separately.
Article 50
The Secretary-General shall keep Members informed with respect to the
activities of the Organization. Each Member may appoint one or more
representatives for the purpose of communication with the
Secretary-General.
Article 51
In the performance of their duties the Secretary-General and the staff
shall not seek or receive instructions from any Government or from any
authority external to the Organization. They shall refrain from any action
which might reflect on their position as international officials. Each
Member on its part undertakes to respect the exclusively international
character of the responsibilities of the Secretary-General and the staff
and not to seek to influence them in the discharge of their
responsibilities.
Article 52
The Secretary-General shall assume any other functions which may be
assigned to him by the Convention, the Assembly or the Council.
PART XII Finances
Article 53
Each Member shall bear the salary, travel and other expenses of its
own delegation to the meetings held by the Organization.
Article 54
The Council shall consider the financial statements and budget
estimates prepared by the Secretary-General and submit them to the
Assembly with its comments and recommendations.
Article 55
(a) Subject to any agreement between the Organization and the United
Nations, the Assembly shall review and approve the budget estimates.
(b) The Assembly shall apportion the expenses among the Members in
accordance with a scale to be fixed by it after consideration of the
proposals of the Council thereon.
Article 56
Any Member which fails to discharge its financial obligation to the
Organization within one year from the date on which it is due, shall have
no vote in the Assembly, the Council, the Maritime Safety Committee, the
Legal Committee, the Marine Environment Protection Committee or the
Technical Co-operation Committee unless the Assembly, at its discretion,
waives this provision.
PART XIII Voting
Article 57
Except as otherwise provided in the Convention or in any international
agreement which confers functions on the Assembly, the Council, the
Maritime Safety Committee, the Legal Committee, the Marine Environment
Protection Committee, or the Technical Co-operation Committee, the
following provisions shall apply to voting in these organs:
(a) Each Member shall have one vote.
(b) Decisions shall be by a majority vote of the Members present and
voting and, for decisions where a two-thirds majority vote is required, by
a two-thirds majority vote of those present.
(c) For the purpose of the Convention, the phrase "Members present and
voting" means Members present and casting an affirmative or negative vote.
Members which abstain from voting shall be considered as not voting.
PART XIV Headquarters of the Organization
Article 58
(a) The headquarters of the Organization shall be established in
London.
(b) The Assembly may by a two-thirds majority vote change the site of
the headquarters if necessary.
(c) The Assembly may hold sessions in any place other than the
headquarters if the Council deems it necessary.
PART XV Relationship with the United Nations and other Organiza-tions
Article 59
The Organization shall be brought into relationship with the United
Nations in accordance with Article 57 of the Charter of the United
Nations* as the specialized agency in the field of shipping and the effect
of shipping on the marine environment. This relationship shall be effected
through an agreement with the United Nations under Article 63 of the
Charter of the United Nations**, which agreement shall be concluded as
provided in Article 25.
[* Article 57 of the Charter of the United Nations reads as follows:
Article 57
1. The various specialized agencies, established by intergovernmental
agreement and having wide international responsibilities, as defined in
their basic instruments, in economic, social, cultural, educational,
health, and related fields, shall be brought into relationship with the
United Nations in accordance with the provisions of Article 63.
2. Such agencies thus brought into relationship with the United
Nations are hereinafter referred to as specialized agencies.]
[** Article 63 of the Charter of the United Nations reads as follows:
Article 63
1. The Economic and Social Council may enter into agreements with any
of the agencies referred to in Article 57, defining the terms on which the
agency concerned shall be brought into relationship with the United
Nations. Such agreements shall be subject to approval by the General
Assembly.
2. It may co-ordinate the activities of the specialized agencies
through consultation with and recommendations to such agencies and through
recommendations to the General Assembly and to the Members of the United
Nations.]
Article 60
The Organization shall co-operate with any specialized agency of the
United Nations in matters which may be the common concern of the
Organization and of such specialized agency, and shall consider such
matters and act with respect to them in accord with such specialized
agency.
Article 61
The Organization may, on matters within its scope, co-operate with
other intergovernmental organizations which are not specialized agencies
of the United Nations, but whose interests and activities are related to
the purposes of the Organization.
Article 62
The Organization may, on matters within its scope, make suitable
arrangements for consultation and co-operation with non-governmental
international organizations.
Article 63
Subject to approval by a two-thirds majority vote of the Assembly, the
Organization may take over from any other international organizations,
governmental or non-governmental, such functions, resources and
obligations within the scope of the Organization as may be transferred to
the Organization by international agreements or by mutually acceptable
arrangements entered into between competent authorities of the respective
organizations. Similarly, the Organization may take over any
administrative functions which are within its scope and which have been
entrusted to a Government under the terms of any international instrument.
PART XVI Legal Capacity, Privileges and Immunities
Article 64
The legal capacity, privileges and immunities to be accorded to, or in
connexion with, the Organization, shall be derived from and governed by
the General Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the Specialized
Agencies approved by the General Assembly of the United Nations on 21
November 1947, subject to such modifications as may be set forth in the
final (or revised) text of the Annex approved by the Organization in
accordance with Sections 36 and 38 of the said General Convention.
Article 65
Pending its accession to the said General Convention in respect of the
Organization, each Member undertakes to apply the provisions of Appendix
II to the present Convention.
PART XVII Amendments
Article 66
Texts of proposed amendments to the Convention shall be communicated
by the Secretary-General to Members at least six months in advance of
their consideration by the Assembly. Amendments shall be adopted by a
two-thirds majority vote of the Assembly. Twelve months after its
acceptance by two thirds of the Members of the Organization, other than
Associate Members, each amendment shall come into force for all Members.
If within the first 60 days of this period of twelve months a Member gives
notification of withdrawal from the Organization on account of an
amendment the withdrawal shall, notwithstanding the provisions of Article
73 of the Convention, take effect on the date on which such amendment
comes into force.
Article 67
Any amendment adopted under Article 66 shall be deposited with the
Secretary-General of the United Nations, who will immediately forward a
copy of the amendment to all Members.
Article 68
A declaration or acceptance under Article 66 shall be made by the
communication of an instrument to the Secretary-General for deposit with
the Secretary-General of the United Nations. The Secretary-General will
notify Members of the receipt of any such instrument and of the date when
the amendment enters into force.
PART XVIII Interpretation
Article 69
Any question or dispute concerning the interpretation or application
of the Convention shall be referred to the Assembly for settlement, or
shall be settled in such other manner as the parties to the dispute may
agree. Nothing in this Article shall preclude any organ of the
Organization from settling any such question or dispute that may arise
during the exercise of its functions.
Article 70
Any legal question which cannot be settled as provided in Article 69
shall be referred by the Organization to the International Court of
Justice for an advisory opinion in accordance with Article 96 of the
Charter of the United Nations.*
[* Article 96 of the Charter of the United Nations reads as follows:
Article 96
1. The General Assembly or the Security Council may request the
International Court of Justice to give an advisory opinion on any legal
question.
2. Other organs of the United Nations and specialized agencies, which
may at any time be so authorized by the General Assembly, may also request
advisory opinions of the Court on legal questions arising within the scope
of their activities.]
PART XIX Miscellaneous Provisions
Article 71 Signature and Acceptance
Subject to the provisions of Part III the present Convention shall
remain open for signature or acceptance and States may become parties to
the Convention by:
(a) Signature without reservation as to acceptance;
(b) Signature subject to acceptance followed by acceptance; or
(c) Acceptance.
Acceptance shall be effected by the deposit of an instrument with the
Secretary-General of the United Nations.
Article 72 Territories
(a) Members may make a declaration at any time that their
participation in the Convention includes all or a group or a single one of
the Territories for whose international relations they are responsible.
(b) The Convention does not apply to Territories for whose
international relations Members are responsible unless a declaration to
that effect has been made on their behalf under the provisions of
paragraph (a) of this Article.
(c) A declaration made under paragraph (a) of this Article shall be
communicated to the Secretary-General of the United Nations and a copy of
it will be forwarded by him to all States invited to the United Nations
Maritime Conference and to such other States as may have become Members.
(d) In cases where under a Trusteeship Agreement the United Nations is
the administering authority, the United Nations may accept the Convention
on behalf of one, several, or all of the Trust Territories in accordance
with the procedure set forth in Article 71.
Article 73 Withdrawal
(a) Any Member may withdraw from the Organization by written
notification given to the Secretary-General of the United Nations, who
will immediately inform the other Members and the Secretary-General of the
Organization of such notification. Notification of withdrawal may be given
at any time after the expiration of twelve months from the date on which
the Convention has come into force. The withdrawal shall take effect upon
the expiration of twelve months from the date on which such written
notification is received by the Secretary-General of the United Nations.
(b) The application of the Convention to a Territory or group of
Territories under Article 72 may at any time be terminated by written
notification given to the Secretary-General of the United Nations by the
Member responsible for its international relations or, in the case of a
Trust Territory of which the United Nations is the administering
authority, by the United Nations. The Secretary-General of the United
Nations will immediately inform all Members and the Secretary-General of
the Organization of such notification. The notification shall take effect
upon the expiration of twelve months from the date on which it is received
by the Secretary-General of the United Nations.
PART XX Entry into Force
Article 74
The present Convention shall enter into force on the date when 21
States, of which seven shall each have a total tonnage of not less than
1,000,000 gross tons of shipping, have become parties to the Convention in
accordance with Article 71.
Article 75
The Secretary-General of the United Nations will inform all States
invited to the United Nations Maritime Conference and such other States as
may have become Members, of the date when each State becomes party to the
Convention, and also of the date on which the Convention enters into
force.
Article 76
The present Convention, of which the English, French and Spanish texts
are equally authentic, shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of
the United Nations, who will transmit certified copies thereof to each of
the States invited to the United Nations Maritime Conference and to such
other States as may have become Members.
Article 77
The United Nations is authorized to effect registration of the
Convention as soon as it comes into force.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned being duly authorized by their
respective Governments for that purpose have signed the present
Convention.
DONE in Geneva on 6 March 1948.
APPENDIX I*
[* This Appendix became inapplicable with the amendment of Article 17
by Assembly resolution A. 69 (ES. II) of 15 September 1964, effective 6
October 1967.]
APPENDIX II (Referred to in Article 65) Legal Capacity, Privilegesand Immunities
The following provisions on legal capacity, privileges and immunities
shall be applied by Members to, or in connexion with, the Organization
pending their accession to the General Convention on Privileges and
Immunities of Specialized Agencies in respect of the Organization.
Section 1. The Organization shall enjoy in the territory of each of
its Members such legal capacity as is necessary for the fulfilment of its
purposes and the exercise of its functions.
Section 2. (a) The Organization shall enjoy in the territory of each
of its Members such privileges and immunities as are necessary for the
fulfilment of its purposes and the exercise of its functions.
(b) Representatives of Members including alternates and advisers,
and officials and employees of the Organization shall similarly enjoy such
privileges and immunities as are necessary for the independent exercise of
their functions in connexion with the Organization.
Section 3. In applying the provisions of Sections 1 and 2 of this
Appendix, the Members shall take into account as far as possible the
standard clauses of the General Convention on the Privileges and
Immunities of the Specialized Agencies.
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