1972年国际集装箱安全公约(附英文)
颁布日期: 1972.12.02
前 言
缔约各国,
认识到在集装箱的装卸、堆放和运输过程中,高度保障人身安全的需要。
注意到便利集装箱国际运输的必要性。
承认,在这一方面,制定国际共同的安全要求是有益的。
认为,为达到以上目的最好是缔结一个公约。
决定正式提出有关集装箱结构上的要求,以保证在正常营运中集装箱的装卸、堆码和运输的安全。为此目的,达成如下协议:
第I条 本公约的一般义务
各缔约国保证实施本公约及其附件的规定,该附件应为本公约不可分割的一部分。
第Ⅱ条 定义
在本公约内,除另有明确规定者外:
1.“集装箱”是指一种运输设备:
(a)具有耐久性,因而其相应的强度足能适合于重复使用;
(b)经专门设计,便于以一种或多种运输方式运输货物,而无需中途重装;
(c)为了系固和(或)便于装卸,设有角配件;
(d)四个外底角所围蔽的面积应为下列二者之一:
2
(i)至少为14平方米(150ft ),或
2
(ii)如装有顶角配件,则至少为7平方米(75ft );
“集装箱”一词既不包括车辆,也不包括包装;但是,集装箱在底盘车上运输时,则连同底盘车包括在内。
2.“角配件”是指为了装卸、堆码和(或)系固目的而在集装箱顶部和(或)底部上安装的一种表面有孔的支撑配件。
3.“主管机关”是指有权批准集装箱的缔约国政府。
4.“获得批准”是指被主管机关批准。
5.“批准”是指主管机关作出的决定,即某种定型设计或某个集装箱在本公约条款范围内是安全的。
6.“国际运输”是指位于两个国家领土上的起运地和目的地之间的运输。而本公约至少适用其中一国。两国间运输业务的一部分在一个适用本公约的国家领土内进行时,本公约也应适用。
7.“货物”是指物品、器皿、商品和用集装箱装运的各种物件。
8.“新集装箱”是指在本公约生效时或生效后开始制造的集装箱。
9.“现有集装箱”是指不属于新集装箱的集装箱。
10.“箱主”是指各缔约国国家法律规定的所有人或承租人或受托人,如双方有协议,该承租人或受托人将承担对集装箱的维修和检验的责任。
11.“集装箱的定型设计”是指经主管机关批准的定型设计。
12.“定型系列集装箱”是指按照批准的定型设计制造的任何集装箱。
13.“样箱”是指按定型设计系列制成或准备制造的具有代表性的集装箱。
14.“最大营运总重量或额定重量”或“R”是指集装箱和所装货物最大的允许总重量。
15.“皮重”是指集装箱空载的重量,包括装置的永久性设备。
16.“最大允许载货重量”或“P”是指最大营运总重量或额定重量与皮重之间的差数。
第Ⅲ条 适用范围
1.本公约适用于国际运输中所使用的现有或新集装箱,但不包括为空运专门设计的集装箱。
2.应根据附件Ⅰ所要求的或是做定型试验或是做单个试验的规定来认可每一个新集装箱。
3.每一现有集装箱应在本公约生效之日起五年内,按附件Ⅰ所做出的有关现有集装箱批准的规定获得批准。
第Ⅳ条 试验、检查、批准和维修
1.为了使附件Ⅰ中各项规定付诸实施,各主管机关应按本公约规定的标准,建立有效的集装箱试验、检查和批准程序。但主管机关可委托给它正式授权的机构来进行这些试验,检查和批准工作。
2.在主管机关将试验、检查和批准工作委托给一个机构时应通知政府间海事协商组织秘书长(以下简称“本组织”)以便转知各缔约国。
3.可向任何缔约国的主管机关申请批准。
4.集装箱均应按照附件Ⅰ中的各项规定,保持在安全状态。
5.如获得批准的集装箱实际上达不到附件Ⅰ和附件Ⅱ的要求,有关主管机关应采取必要的措施,使之达到上述要求,或撤销批准。
第Ⅴ条 接受批准
1.根据本公约的条款,在某一缔约国授权下的批准,均应被其他缔约国在本公约所包括的范围内接受。同时也应被认为与他们自己作出的批准同样有效。
2.对本公约中规定的集装箱,缔约国不得擅自对此提出任何其他安全结构和试验的要求。但本公约中的任何规定不得妨碍应用国家规章或法律或国际协定中的条款,对专门设计运输危险品或具有独特装置的运输散装液体货物的集装箱或空运的集装箱,在安全结构或试验方面提出补充要求。“危险品”一词应含有国际协定中赋予它的意义。
第Ⅵ条 管理
1.根据第Ⅲ条获得批准的每个集装箱,应在缔约国领土内受该缔约国正式授权的官员的管理。这种管理仅限于证实集装箱上装有按本公约要求的有效的安全合格牌照,除非有重要证据证明该集装箱的现状对安全有明显的危险,在这种情况下,执行管理工作的官员所采取的必要行动,也仅限于保证集装箱在继续投入营运之前恢复到安全状态。
2.当集装箱由于某种缺陷似乎危及安全,而这项缺陷在该集装箱获得批准时可能业已存在,应由发现这种缺陷的缔约国通知负责批准该集装箱的主管机关。
1972年国际集装箱安全公约(附英文)(二)
颁布日期: 1972.12.02
ARTICLE XI Denunciation
1. Any Contracting Party may denounce the present Convention by
effecting the deposit of an instrument with the Secretary-General. The
denunciation shall take effect one year from the date of such deposit with
the Secretary-General.
2. A Contracting Party which has communicated an objection to an
amendment to the Annexes may denounce the present Convention and such
denunciation shall take effect on the date of entry into force of such an
amendment.
ARTICLE XII Termination
The present Convention shall cease to be in force if the number of
Contracting Parties is less than five for any period of twelve consecutive
months.
ARTICLE XIII Settlement of Disputes
1. Any dispute between two or more Contracting Parties concerning the
interpretation or application of the present Convention which cannot be
settled by negotiation or other means of settlement shall, at the request
of one of them, be referred to an arbitration tribunal composed as
follows: each party to the dispute shall appoint an arbitrator and these
two arbitrators shall appoint a third arbitrator, who shall be the
Chairman. If, three months after receipt of a request, one of the parties
has failed to appoint an arbitrator or if the arbitrators have failed to
elect the Chairman, any of the parties may request the Secretary-General
to appoint an arbitrator or the Chairman of the arbitration tribunal.
2. The decision of the arbitration tribunal established under the
provisions of paragraph 1 shall be binding on the parties to the dispute.
3. The arbitration tribunal shall determine its own rules of
procedure.
4. Decisions of the arbitration tribunal, both as to its procedure and
its place of meeting and as to any controversy laid before it, shall be
taken by majority vote.
5. Any controversy which may arise between the parties to the dispute
as regards the interpretation and execution of the award may be submitted
by any of the parties for judgment to the arbitration tribunal which made
the award.
ARTICLE XIV Reservations
1. Reservations to the present Convention shall be permitted,
excepting those relating to the provisions of articles I-VI, XIII, the
present article and the Annexes, on condition that such reservations are
communicated in writing and, if communicated before the deposit of the
instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, are
confirmed in that instrument. The Secretary-General shall communicate such
reservations to all States referred to in article VII.
2. Any reservations made in accordance with paragraph 1:
(a) modifies for the Contracting Party which made the reservation
the provisions of the present Convention to which the reservation relates
to the extent of the reservation; and
(b) modifies those provisions to the same extent for the other
Contracting Parties in their relations with the Contracting Party which
entered the reservation.
3. Any Contracting Party which has formulated a reservation under
paragraph 1 may withdraw it at any time by notification to the
Secretary-General.
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ARTICLE XV Notification
In addition to the notifications and communications provided for in
articles IX, X and XIV, the Secretary-General shall notify all the States
referred to in article VII of the following:
(a) signatures, ratifications, acceptances, approvals and
accessions under article VII;
(b) the dates of entry into force of the present Convention in
accordance with article VIII;
(c) the date of entry into force of amendments to the present
Convention in accordance with articles IX and X;
(d) denunciations under article XI;
(e) the termination of the present Convention under article XII.
ARTICLE XVI Authentic texts
The original of the present Convention, of which the Chinese, English,
French, Russian and Spanish texts are equally authentic, shall be
deposited with the Secretary-General, who shall communicate certified true
copies to all States referred to in article VII.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned*, being duly authorized thereto by
their respective Governments, have signed the present Convention.
[* Signatures omitted.]
DONE at Geneva this second day of December, one thousand nine hundred
and seventy-two.
ANNEX I REGULATIONS FOR THE TESTING, INSPECTION, APPROVAL ANDMAINTENANCE OF CONTAINERS
CHAPTER I-REGULATIONS COMMON TO ALL SYSTEMS OF APPROVAL
Regulation 1 Safety Approval Plate
1. A Safety Approval Plate conforming to the specifications set out in
the Appendix to this Annex shall be permanently affixed to every approved
container at a readily visible place, adjacent to any other approval plate
issued for official purposes, where it would not be easily damaged.
2. (a) The Plate shall contain the following information in at least
the English or French language:
"CSC SAFETY APPROVAL"
Country of approval and approval reference
Date (month and year) of manufacture
Manufacturer's identification number of the container or, in the
case of existing containers for which that number is unknown, the number
allotted by the Administration
Maximum operating gross weight (kilogrammes and lbs)
Allowable stacking weight for 1.8g (kilogrammes and lbs)
Transverse racking test load value (kilogrammes and lbs).
(b) A blank space should be reserved on the Plate for insertion of
end-wall and/or side-wall strength values (factors) in accordance with
paragraph 3 of this Regulation and Annex II, tests 6 and 7. A blank space
should also be reserved on the Plate for the first and subsequent
maintenance examination dates (month and year) when used.
3. Where the Administration considers that a new container satisfies
the requirements of the present Convention in respect of safety and if,
for such container, the end-wall and/or side-wall strength values
(factors) are designed to be greater or less than those stipulated in
Annex II, such values shall be indicated on the Safety Approval Plate.
4. The presence of the Safety Approval Plate does not remove the
necessity of displaying such labels or other information as may be
required by other regulations which may be in force.
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Regulation 2 Maintenance and Examination
1. The owner of the container shall be responsible for maintaining it
in safe condition.
2. The owner of an approved container shall examine the container or
have it examined in accordance with the procedure either prescribed or
approved by the Contracting Party concerned, at intervals appropriate to
operating conditions. The date (month and year) before which a new
container shall undergo its first examination shall be marked on the
Safety Approval Plate.
3. The date (month and year) before which the container shall be
re-examined shall be clearly marked on the container on or as close as
practicable to the Safety Approval Plate and in a manner acceptable to
that Contracting Party which prescribed or approved the particular
examination procedure involved.
4. The interval from the date of manufacture to the date of the first
examination shall not exceed five years. Subsequent examination of new
containers and re-examination of existing containers shall be at intervals
of not more than 24 months. All examinations shall determine whether the
container has any defects which could place any person in danger. As a
transitional provision, any requirements for marking on containers the
date of the first examination of new containers or the re-examination of
new containers covered in Regulation 10 and of existing containers shall
be waived until 1 January 1987. However, an Administration may make more
stringent requirements for the containers of its own (national) owners.
5. For the purpose of this Regulation "the Contracting Party
concerned" is the Contracting Party of the territory in which the owner is
domiciled or has his head office. However, in the event that the owner is
domiciled or has his head office in a country the government of which has
not yet made arrangements for prescribing or approving an examination
scheme and until such time as the arrangements have been made the owner
may use the procedure prescribed or approved by the Administration of a
Contracting Party which is prepared to act as "the Contracting Party
concerned". The owner shall comply with the conditions for the use of such
procedures set by the Administration in question.
CHAPTER II-REGULATIONS FOR APPROVAL OF NEW CONTAINERS BY DESIGNTYPE
Regulation 3 Approval of New Containers
To qualify for approval for safety purposes under the present
Convention all new containers shall comply with the requirements set out
in Annex II.
Regulation 4 Design Type Approval
In the case of containers for which an application for approval has
been submitted, the Administration will examine designs and witness
testing of a prototype container to ensure that the containers will
conform with the requirements set out in Annex II. When satisfied, the
Administration shall notify the applicant in writing that the container
meets the requirements of the present Convention and this notification
shall entitle the manufacturer to affix the Safety Approval Plate to every
container of the design type series.
Regulation 5 Provisions for Approval by Design Type
1. Where the containers are to be manufactured by design type series,
application made to an Administration for approval by design type shall
be accompanied by drawings, a design specification of the type of
container to be approved and such other data as may be required by the
Administration.
2. The applicant shall state the identification symbols which will be
assigned by the manufacturer to the type of container to which the
application for approval relates.
3. The application shall also be accompanied by an assurance from the
manufacturer that he will:
(a) produce to the Administration such containers of the design
type concerned as the Administration may wish to examine;
(b) advise the Administration of any change in the design or
specification and await its approval before affixing the Safety Approval
Plate to the container;
(c) affix the Safety Approval Plate to each container in the
design type series and to no others;
(d) keep a record of containers manufactured to the approved
design type. This record shall at least contain the manufacturer's
identification numbers, dates of delivery and names and addresses of
customers to whom the containers are delivered.
4. Approval may be granted by the Administration to containers
manufactured as modifications of an approved design type if the
Administration is satisfied that the modifications do not affect the
validity of tests conducted in the course of design type approval.
5. The Administration shall not confer on a manufacturer authority to
affix Safety Approval Plates on the basis of design type approval unless
satisfied that the manufacturer has instituted internal production-control
features to ensure that the containers produced will conform to the
approved prototype.
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Regulation 6 Examination during Production
In order to ensure that containers of the same design type series are
manufactured to the approved design, the Administration shall examine or
test as many units as it considers necessary, at any stage during
production of the design type series concerned.
Regulation 7 Notification of Administration
The manufacturer shall notify the Administration prior to commencement
of production of each new series of containers to be manufactured in
accordance with an approved design type.
CHAPTER III-REGULATIONS FOR APPROVAL OF NEW CONTAINERS BY INDI-VIDUAL APPROVAL
Regulation 8 Approval of Individual Containers
Approval of individual containers may be granted where the
Administration, after examination and witnessing of tests, is satisfied
that the container meets the requirements of the present Convention; the
Administration, when so satisfied, shall notify the applicant in writing
of approval and this notification shall entitle him to affix the Safety
Approval Plate to such container.
CHAPTER IV-REGULATIONS FOR APPROVAL OF EXISTING CONTAINERS AND NEWCONTAINERS NOT APPROVED AT THE TIME OF MANUFACTURE
Regulation 9 Approval of Existing Containers
1. If, within 5 years from the date of entry into force of the present
Convention, the owner of an existing container presents the following
information to an Administration:
(a) date and place of manufacture;
(b) manufacturer's identification number of the container if
available;
(c) maximum operating gross weight capability;
(d) (i) evidence that a container of this type has been safely
operated in maritime and/or inland transport for a period of at least two
years, or
(ii) evidence to the satisfaction of the Administration that
the container was manufactured to a design type which had been tested and
found to comply with the technical conditions set out in Annex II, with
the exception of those technical conditions relating to the end-wall and
side-wall strength tests, or
(iii) evidence that the container was constructed to standards
which, in the opinion of the Administration, were equivalent to the
technical conditions set out in Annex II, with the exception of those
technical conditions relating to the end-wall and side-wall strength
tests;
(e) allowable stacking weight for 1.8g (kilogrammes and lbs); and
(f) such other data as required for the Safety Approval Plate;
then the Administration, after investigation, shall notify the owner in
writing whether approval is granted; and if so, this notification shall
entitle the owner to affix the Safety Approval Plate after an examination
of the container concerned has been carried out in accordance with
Regulation 2. The examination of the container concerned and the affixing
of the Safety Approval Plate shall be accomplished not later than 1
January 1985.
2. Existing containers which do not qualify for approval under
paragraph 1 of this Regulation may be presented for approval under the
provisions of Chapter II or Chapter III of this Annex. For such containers
the requirements of Annex II relating to end-wall and/or side-wall
strength tests shall not apply. The Administration may, if it is satisfied
that the containers in question have been in service, waive such of the
requirements in respect of presentation of drawings and testing, other
than the lifting and floor-strength tests, as it may deem appropriate.
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Regulation 10 Approval of New Containers Not Approved at Time ofManufacture
If, on or before 6 September 1982, the owner of a new container which
was not approved at the time of manufacture presents the following
information to an Administration:
(a) date and place of manufacture;
(b) manufacturer's identification number of the container if
available;
(c) maximum operating gross weight capability;
(d) evidence to the satisfaction of the Administration that the
container was manufactured to a design type which had been tested and
found to comply with the technical conditions set out in Annex II;
(e) allowable stacking weight for 1.8 g (kilogrammes and lbs); and
(f) such other data as required for the Safety Approval Plate;
the Administration, after investigation, may approve the container,
notwithstanding the provisions of Chapter II. Where approval is granted,
such approval shall be notified to the owner in writing, and this
notification shall entitle the owner to affix the Safety Approval Plate
after an examination of the container concerned has been carried out in
accordance with Regulation 2. The examination of the container concerned
and the affixing of the Safety Approval Plate shall be accomplished not
later than 1 January 1985.
APPENDIX
The Safety Approval Plate, conforming to the model reproduced below,
shall take the form of a permanent, non-corrosive, fire-proof rectangular
plate measuring not less than 200 mm by 100mm. The words "CSC Safety
Approval" of a minimum letter height of 8 mm and all other words and
numbers of a minimum height of 5 mm shall be stamped into, embossed on or
indicated on the su***ce of the Plate in any other permanent and legible
way.
---------------------------------------------------------------
| CSC SAFETY APPROVAL ↑ |
1………| ………(GB-L/749/2/7/75) | |
2………| ………DATE MANUFACTURED …………………… | |
3………| ………IDENTIFICATION No.……………………… | |
4………| ………MAXIMUM GROSS WEIGHT……… kg ………lb | |
5………| ………ALLOWABLE STACKING WEIGHT ≥100mm|
| FOR 1.8 g ……… kg ……… lb | |
6………| ………RACKING TEST LOAD VALUE ……… kg ……… lb | |
7………| ……… | |
8………| ……… | |
9………| ……… ↓ |
|←-----------------------≥200mm----------------------→ |
--------------------------------------------------------------
1. Country of Approval and Approval Reference as given in the example
on line 1. (The country of Approval should be indicated by means of the
distinguishing sign used to indicate country of registration of motor
vehicles in international road traffic).
2. Date (month and year) of manufacture.
3. Manufacturer's identification number of the container or, in the
case of existing containers for which that number is unknown, the number
allotted by the Administration.
4. Maximum Operating Gross Weight (kilogrammes and lbs).
5. Allowable Stacking Weight for 1.8 g (kilogrammes and lbs).
6. Transverse Racking Test Load Value (kilogrammes and lbs).
7. End Wall Strength to be indicated on plate only if end walls are
designed to withstand a load of less or greater than 0.4 times the maximum
permissible payload, i.e. 0.4 P.
8. Side Wall Strength to be indicated on plate only if the side walls
are designed to withstand a load of less or greater than 0.6 times the
maximum permissible payload, i.e. 0.6 P.
9. First maintenance examination date (month and year) for new
containers and subsequent maintenance examination dates (month and year)
if Plate used for this purpose.
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ANNEX II STRUCTURAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS AND TESTS
Introduction
In setting the requirements of this Annex, it is implicit that in all
phases of the operation of containers the forces as a result of motion,
location, stacking and weight of the loaded container and external forces
will not exceed the design strength of the container. In particular, the
following assumptions have been made:
(a) the container will so be restrained that it is not subjected to
forces in excess of those for which it has been designed;
(b) the container will have its cargo stowed in accordance with the
recommended practices of the trade so that the cargo does not impose upon
the container forces in excess of those for which it has been designed.
Construction
1. A container made from any suitable material which satisfactorily
performs the following tests without sustaining any permanent deformation
or abnormality which would render it incapable of being used for its
designed purpose shall be considered safe.
2. The dimensions, positioning and associated tolerances of corner
fittings shall be checked having regard to the lifting and securing
systems in which they will function.
3. When containers are provided with special fittings for use only
when such containers are empty, this restriction shall be marked on the
container.
Test loads and test procedures
Where appropriate to the design of the container, the following test
loads and test procedures shall be applied to all kinds of containers
under test:
1. LIFTING
|------------------------------------------------------------------------
The container, having the prescribed INTERNAL LOADING, shall be lifted
in such a way that no significant acceleration forces are applied. After
lifting, the container shall be suspended or supported for five minutes
and then lowered to the ground.
|------------------------------------------------------------------------
A. LIFTING FROM CORNER FITTINGS
|------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------
|TEST LOADINGS AND APPLIED FORCES | TEST PROCEDURES
|------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------
| |(i) Lifting from top corner fittings:
|Internal loading: | Containers greater than 3,000 mm (10
|A uniformly distributed load such that | ft.) (nominal) in length shall have lift-
|the combined weight of container and | ing forces applied vertically at all four
|test load is equal to 2R. | top corner fittings.
| | Containers of 3,000 mm (10 ft.) (nom-
| | inal) in length or less shall have lifting
| | forces applied at all four top corner fit-
| | tings, in such a way that the angle be-
|Externally applied forces: | tween each lifting device and the vertical
|Such as to lift the combined weight of 2R | shall be 30°.
|in the manner prescribed (under the |(ii) Lifting from bottom corner fittings:
|heading TEST PROCEDURES). | Containers shall have lifting forces ap-
| | plied in such a manner that the lifting
| | devices bear on the bottom corner fit-
| | tings only. The lifting forces shall be
| | applied at angles to the horizontal of:
| | 30° for containers of length 12,000 mm
| | (40 ft.) (nominal) or greater,
| | 37° for containers of length 9,000 mm
| | (30 ft.) (nominal) and up to but not
| | including 12,000 mm (40 ft.) (nomi-
| | nal),
| | 45° for containers of length 6,000 mm
| | (20 ft.) (nominal) and up to but not
| | including 9,000 mm (30 ft.) (nominal
| | ),
| | 60° for containers of less than 6,000
| | mm (20 ft.) (nominal).
|------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------
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B. LIFTING BY AND OTHER ADDITIONAL METHODS
|---------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------
|TEST LOADINGS AND APPLIED FORCES | TEST PROCEDURES
|---------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------
|Internal loading: |(i) Lifting from fork lift pockets:
|A uniformly distributed load such that | The container shall be placed on bars
|the combined weight of container and | which are in the same horizontal plane,
|test load is equal to 1.25R. | one bar centred within each fork lift
| | pocket which is used for lifting the load-
|Externally applied forces: | ed container. The bars shall be of the
|Such as to lift the combined weight of | same width as the forks intended to be
|1.25R in the manner prescribed (under | used in the handling, and shall project
|the heading TEST PROCEDURES). | into the fork pocket 75 per cent of the
| | length of the fork pocket.
|Internal loading: |(ii) Lifting from grappler arm positions:
|A uniformly distributed load such that | The container shall be placed on pads in
|the combined weight of container and | the same horizontal plane, one under
|test load is equal to 1.25R. | each grappler arm position. These pads
| | shall be of the same sizes as the lifting
|Externally applied forces: | area of the grappler arms intended to be
|Such as to lift the combined weight of | used.
|1.25R, in the manner prescribed (under |
|the heading TEST PROCEDURES). |
| |(iii) Other Methods
|---------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------
Where containers are designed to be lifted in the loaded condition by
any method not mentioned in (A) or (B) (i) and (ii) they shall also be
tested with the INTERNAL LOADING AND EXTERNALLY APPLIED FORCES
representative of the acceleration conditions appropriate to that method.
2. STACKING
|-------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. For conditions of international transport where the maximum
vertical acceleration forces vary significantly from 1.8 g and when the
container is reliably and effectively limited to such conditions of
transport, the stacking load may be varied by the appropriate ratio of
acceleration forces.
2. On successful completion of this test the container may be rated
for the allowable superimposed static stacking weight which should be
indicated on the Safety Approval Plate against the heading "Allowable
stacking weight for 1.8 g (kilogrammes and lbs)".
|----------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------
|TEST LOADINGS AND APPLIED FORCES | TEST PROCEDURES
|----------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------
|Internal loading: |
|A uniformly distributed load such that | The container, having the prescribed IN-
|combined weight of container and | TERNAL LOADING, shall be placed on four
|test load is equal to 1.8R. | level pads which are in turn supported on a
| | rigid horizontal su***ce, one under each bot-
| | tom corner fitting or equivalent corner struc-
| | ture. The pads shall be centralized under the
| | fittings and shall be of approximately the same
| | plan dimensions as the fittings.
|Externally applied forces: |
|Such as to subject each of the four top | Each EXTERNALLY APPLIED FORCE
|corner fittings to a vertical downward | shall be applied to each of the corner fittings
|force equal to 1/4×1.8×the allowable | through a corresponding test corner fitting or
|superimposed static stacking weight. | through a pad of the same plan dimensions.
| | The test corner fitting or pad shall be offset
| | with respect to the top corner fitting of the
| | container by 25 mm (1 in.) laterally and 38
| | mm (1 1/2 in.) longitudinally.
|----------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------
3. CONCENTRATED LOADS
|-------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------
|TEST LOADINGS AND APPLIED FORCES | TEST PROCEDURES
|-------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------
| |
8楼 发表于 2022-03-10 13:54 回复(0)
(a) ON ROOF
|Internal loading: |
|None. |
|Externally applied forces: |
|A concentrated load of 300 kg (660 lb) | The EXTERNALLY APPLIED FORCES
|uniformly distributed over an area of 600 | shall be applied vertically downwards to the
|mm ×300mm (24 in.×12 in.). | outer su***ce of the weakest area of the roof
| | of the container.
| | (b) ON FLOOR
|Internal loading: |
|Two concentrated loads each of 2,730 kg | The test should be made with the container
|(6,000 lb) and each applied to the con- | resting on four level supports under its four
|tainer floor through a contact area of 142 | bottom corners in such a manner that the base
| 2 |
|cm (22 sq. in.). | structure of the container is free to deflect.
| | A testing device loaded to a weight of 5,460
| | kilogrammes (12,000 lbs) that is 2,730 kg
| | (6,000 lbs) on each of two su***ces having,
| | 2
| | when loaded, a total contact area of 284 cm
| | 2
| | (44 sq. in.) that is 142 cm (22sq. in.) on
| | each su***ce, the su***ce width being 180 mm
| | (7 in.) spaced 760 mm (30 in.) apart, cen-
| | tre to centre, should be manoeuvred over the
| | entire floor area of the container.
|Externally applied forces: |
|None. |
|-------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------
4. TRANSVERSE RACKING
|-----------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------
|TEST LOADINGS AND APPLIED FORCES | TEST PROCEDURES
|-----------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------
|Internal loading: |
|None. | The container in tare condition shall be placed
| | on four level supports one under each bottom
| | corner and shall be restrained against lateral
| | and vertical movement by means of anchor de
| | vices so arranged that the lateral restraint is
| | provided only at the bottom corners diagonally
| | opposite to those at which the forces are ap-
| | plied.
|Externally applied forces: |
|Such as to rack the end structures of the| The EXTERNALLY APPLIED FORCES
|container sideways. The forces shall be | shall be applied either separately or simultane-
|equal to those for which the container | ously to each of the top corner fittings on one
|was designed. | side of the container in lines parallel both to
| | the base and to the planes of the ends of the
| | container. The forces shall be applied first to
| | wards and then away from the top corner fit-
| | tings. In the case of containers in which each
| | end is symmetrical about its own vertical cen-
| | treline, one side only need be tested, but both
| | sides of containers with asymmetric ends shall
| | be tested.
|-----------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------
9楼 发表于 2022-03-10 13:58 回复(0)
5. LONGITUDINAL RESTRAINT (STATIC TEST)
|-------------------------------------------------------------------------
When designing and constructing containers, it must be borne in mind
that containers, when carried by inland modes of transport may sustain
accelerations of 2 g applied horizontally in a longitudinal direction.
|------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------
|TEST LOADINGS AND APPLIED FORCES | TEST PROCEDURES
|------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------
|Internal loading: |
|A uniformly distributed load, such that | The container having the prescribed INTER-
|the combined weight of a container and | NAL LOADING shall be restrained longitudi-
|test load is equal to the maximum operat- | nally by securing the two bottom corner fit-
|ing gross weight or rating, R. | tings or equivalent corner structures at one
| | end to suitable anchor points.
|Externally applied forces: |
|Such as to subject each side of the con- | The EXTERNALLY APPLIED FORCES
|tainer to longitudinal compressive and | shall be applied first towards and then away
|tensile forces of magnitude R, that is, a | from the anchor points. Each side of the con-
|combined force of 2R on the base of the | tainer shall be tested.
|container as a whole. |
|------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------
6. END-WALLS
|-------------------------------------------------------------------------
The end-walls should be capable of withstanding a load of not less
than 0.4 times the maximum permissible payload. If, however, the end-walls
are designed to withstand a load of less or greater than 0.4 times the
maximum permissible payload such a strength factor shall be indicated on
the Safety Approval Plate in accordance with Annex I, Regulation 1.
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|TEST LOADINGS AND APPLIED FORCES | TEST PROCEDURES
|-----------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------
|Internal loading: |
|Such as to subject the inside of an end- | The prescribed INTERNAL LOADING shall
|wall to a uniformly distributed load of | be applied as follows:
|0.4P or such other load for which the | Both ends of a container shall be tested except
|container may be designed. | where the ends are identical only one end need
| | be tested. The end-walls of containers which
| | do not have open sides or side doors may be
| | tested separately or simultaneously.
| | The end-walls of containers which do have
| | open sides or side doors should be tested sepa-
| | rately. When the ends are tested separately
| | the reactions to the forces applied to the end
| | wall shall be confined to the base structure of
| | the container.
|Externally applied forces: |
|None.
10楼 发表于 2022-03-10 13:59 回复(0)
7. SIDE-WALLS |
|-----------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------
The side-walls should be capable of withstanding a load of not less
than 0.6 times the maximum permissible payload. If, however, the
side-walls are designed to withstand a load of less or greater than 0.6
times the maximum permissible payload, such a strength factor shall be
indicated on the Safety Approval Plate in accordance with Annex I,
Regulation 1.
|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|TEST LOADINGS AND APPLIED FORCES | TEST PROCEDURES
|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|Internal loading: |
|Such as to subject the inside of a side- | The prescribed INTERNAL LOADING shall
|wall to a uniformly distributed load of | be applied as follows:
|0.6P or such other load for which the | Both sides of a container shall be tested except
|container may be designed. | where the sides are identical only one side
| | need be tested. Side-walls shall be tested sep-
| | arately and the reactions to the internal load-
| | ing shall be confined to the corner fittings or
| | equivalent corner structures. Open topped
| | containers shall be tested in the condition in
| | which they are designed to be operated, for
| | example, with removable top members in po-
| | sition.
|Externally applied forces: |
|None. |
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
11楼 发表于 2022-03-10 13:59 回复(0)
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